Exercise 4.2

You should find that the plural endings are all made by adding 's' in writing, but would differ in their pronunciation, as shown below. The endings are written out in phonetic symbols in the first row, with the words grouped according to which ending they would get. This shows that there is a preference to use regular plurals on new words (add 's') but that the form of the plural depends on the sound at the end of the singular form (voiceless sounds like /k/ are followed by the voiceless /s/, voiced sounds like /d/ by the voiced /z/, except that /s/ and /z/ sounds are followed by /əz/).